Главная  Переработка нефти и газа 

Скачать эту книгу

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 [ 128 ] 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139

Расчет центробежного компрессора несколько сложнее, так как К.ПД. каждой стзгпени зависит от истинного объемного расхода на входе. При этом допущение, принятое для рис. А.6.2.1, неверно.

ЛИТЕРАТУРА ПО ОБЩИМ ВОПРОСАМ

ril Mc Adams (\V. И.). - TnuumiMion de la cha-

leur. Dumd, Paris (1061). ri] MissEKARD (A.). - Conductivit* thermique des

solidn. liquides. gaz et de leun mthnges.

EMiMs Eyfolles, Parii (1065). Г.] Jakob (M.). - Heat Transfer. Jolm WUey, Sew York (1062).

[4I Carslaw (H. S.) et Jaeger (J. C). - Conduc-

tion of Heat in Solids. Ctenndon Pnu,

Oxford (iq.w). Г51 GRiiBER (A.), Erk (S.) et Gricull (U.). -

Die Grundgesetie der WttrmeObertiagung.

Springt. Berlin (1963). [61 Defives (1).). - Tiansfert de matifae. S*rie

darticles parus dans la Rn: Inst. Frauf.

iu РЛгЫг, XV-7/8,1142-11S9. XV.9, :347-

136s, XV-io, 1446-1464 (19бо)-Г71 Bird (R. B.l, Stewart (W. E.) et Liohtfoot

(E. N.). - Transport Phenomena. Jokn

WiUy, New York (1960). [8] Hable (C). - Cours de Production. IV. Les

icoulements polyphasiques en milieu ]x>-

xeux. Editions Tsekmp, Paris (I97»).

[91 Reid (R. C), PRAinwiTZ (J. M.) et Sherwood (T. K.). - The Properties of Gases and Liquids. Mc Grow НШ, New York (1977).

:io] Maxwrll (J. в.). - Data Book on Hydrocarbons. Vun Nostrand. Princeton (1938).

[ii] JinrcEKS (I. C.) et col. - CinMque chiraique appliquie. EdUions Tscknip.Pm (1938).

[12] Vah Tiggelkh (A.) et col. - Oxydations et combustions, tomes I et Ii; Editions Tteknip, Paris (1968).

Г13] Emanuel (N. M.) « idii. - The Oxidation of Hydrocarbons in the Liquid Phase. Ptrgamon Pnss. Oxford [1963).

[14} Emanuhi. (N. M.), Denisov (E. T.) et Maizus (Z. K.). - Uquid-Phase Oxidation of Hydrocarbons. Plenum Pnss, New Yoik («967).

:i3] Schmidt (E.). - PropriMs de Ieau et de la

vapeur deau. Springer, Berlin (1969). [161 OcANOv (K. A.). - Bases de la stimulation

thermique des couches pttroUftres. Nedru,

Moscou (1967) (en russe). [17J Smith (C. R.). - Mechanics of Secondary

OU Recovery. ReinkoU, New York (1966).

Secondarv and Tertiary Oil Recovery Pn>-cesscs. (R.NWKORn (P. B.) : chai>ter V; l-AROug Ali (S. M.) : chapter VI. luterslale Oil Compact Commission, Oklahoma City ("J74)-

Г19 I-undamentals of Thermal Uil Hecnvery. Petroleum Enfr РиЫ. Cv, Dallas (icX>3) [Compilation darticles de di\-en< autpun .

[20] lliermal recoverv ртхжтев. SPE Reprint Series n" 7, Soc. Petroleum Enrs .ilME (1968) Compilation darticle!i de di\-ers autenni.

[21] Thermal rero«r>- technitiues. SPE Reprint Series n« «o. Soc. PelroUum Engrs AIME I1972) [Compilatinn darticles de di\-eis auteiiiy,.

[22] l.exi>loitatinn des gisements dhvdrocarbiires.

Bi.\ (P.). CoMiiARNMUS (Мл : chapitre VI;

HuKUKR (1.1, S.vhiqi:k.t (H.l;chapitre VII.

Rations Tecknip. Patin (19741. [is] U> (H. v.). - Bibli.asraphv of thermal Mr-

thtxls nf Oil Recovery../. cauad. Petroleum

Teekuol.. \iA. 14, n" i, p. 35-»i3 (1973). In] Prats (M.). - 1hermal recovery. .Soe.

Petroleum Engrs .41 ME, MonciKiaph vol. 7

(1982).

ЛИТЕРАТУРА

[6.1 Armkhtc) (M. E.) et MiLi.kr (C. .\.).

Stability of moving comlraHti<m fronts in ponms media. Soc. Petroleum Engrs J., vol. 17. p. 423-430 (1977).

rt.jl Martin (W. L.), .Alexandkr (I. H.) et Dew (j. N.). - Process variables of in situ combusti<m. Truns. Soc. PelroUum Eugrs AIME, vol. 213. p. 28-33 (ЧЗ») [Repris dans [20. p. 32J.

[b.i] Showaltkr (W. е.). - Combustion drive tests. .Sor. Petroleum Knurs J., усЯ. 3, p. 94-108 (i9<>o) [Repris dans io\, ]> 71 .

:6.4i Bi-aGF.r(J.)etS.\Hii(!i-et(n.). l.aboiBtory lesearch on wet combustion. J. Petroleum Terknol., vol. 13. p. 1137-1146 (11)73).

[6.3] HoLST (P. H.) et Karma (P. S.). - The sise of the steam zone in wet combustion. .Soc. PetroUum Engrs J.. vol. 13, p. 13-18 (1975)-

,6.6 Hamev (H. I., Jr.). - Transient heat conducti<m daring radial movement of a cylindrical heat scmrce. .\pplicatians to the tiieimBi recoverv process. Tmns. Soc. Petroleum Engrit AI.VE, \Ы. 216, p. 113-122 (1Ч5Ч).

[6.7] Hailev (H. R.j et L.vrkin (B. K.). - Heat

conduction in unaergnmnd combustitm.

Гг«я« .Soe. Petroleum Engn AIME,

vol. 216, p. 123-124 (1939). [6.8", Hailkv (H. R.) et I.ahkin (H. K.). -

Conductitmonvecticm in undergnmml

1б.ч] -I

Г6.101

,6.11] fh.ii]

[6.14

i6.i5! [6.16)

L6«7,

[6.1Я] 6.ig

l6.ioJ [6.211

[b.2il [6.2.1

cumbuMion. TraHS. Soc. Ptiroleum Engrs AIME, toI. 214, p. 320-331 (1ц6о) jKepru cUnti ,2o1, p. 107 . Thohas (U. W.). - .-4 study of (cirwanl cnmbu»tiun in a. radial svstem Imundcd b\-реткаЫе media. J. ntroUum Trchnol.. vol. ij, p. 114.VII44 463). Сиг (С.). - Two-dinieiMinnal analvxis of a radial heat irave. J. niraleum Teeknol., vo\. 15. p. 1137-1144 (1963). Kepriii dans 20, p. 127 . CoicH (K. j.) et Ski.iu (l-.). - INxcussum of .\ study iif forward combustion in a radial system 1кшп<1ес1 by iwrmeabk-

media

/. Pelrolenm ТескпЫ.. vol. p. I370-I37I (1963)-Rakkr (I>. е.). - Temierature profiles in underground combuiticm. Soc. Ре1гЫепт Engrs J., vol. 2, p. 21-27 (962). Kuo (C. H.). - A heat transfer study for the in-situ combustion procesa. Annn. FaU .Meeting of Soc. PetroUnm Engrs. SPE Paper rf 2631 (sept. 1969). Vkkma (V. в.). Kevholm (A. C.) et Тнон.и (G. W.). - A theoietical investigation of forward combustion in a one-dimensional system. Annn. Fall MeeHng of Soc. Ре1гЫеит Engrs, SPE Paper n» 7526 (oct. 197?)-Crookston (R. в.). Cvlhah (W. E.) et Chkh (W. H.). - A numerical simulstion model for thermal recovery process. Soc. Pelrolenm Engrs J.. vol. Ig. p. 37-5Я (•979).

GBAROWSKI (J. W.). VlNSOMK (P. K.).

Un (K. C), Ванп (A.) et Ксгмн (В.). - A fully implicit geneial purpose finite-dilieience thermal model for in situ combustion and steam. A nnn. Fall MeeHng of Soc. PetroUnm Engrs. SPE Paper n «396 (sept. 1979).

KUHIK (B.) et VlNSOMK (P. K. W.). - The simulation trf the in-situ combustion process in one dimension using a higblv impUcits finite-difference scheme. J. canai. Pelrolenm ТескпЫ., vol 14, n» 4, p. 68-76 (oct.-d«c. 1480). Coats (K.). - In-situ combustion model. Soc. Petroleum Engrs J., vol. 20. p. 333-334 (1980).

GoTTniED (B. S.). - A mathematical model of thermal oil recovery in linear systems. Soc. Petroleum Engrs J., vol. 3, p. 196-210 (1963).

KAKoyg Ali (S. M.). - Multiphase, multi-dimensionBl simulation of in-situ combustion. Annu. FaU MeeHng of Sac. Petmleum Engrs. SPE Paper n" 6896

(net.-1977).

AcHARVA (U. K.) et SoMKKTON (W. H.). - Theoretical study of in-situ combustion in thick inclined ой геяегччмп. Calif, region. MeeHng of Soc. Pehvleum Engrs. SPH Paper n» 7067 (aviil 1974). YoUNGREN (U. K.). - Devekipment and application of an in-situ cumhustion ieser\-oir simulator. Soc. Pebnltum Engrs I., vol. 20. p. з.ji (14М0). Hwang (M. K.). Jinks (W. K.) et (>d«h (.\. S.). - An in-situ combustion imtcess simulator with a штЧпк fnmt representation. Soe. Pelrolenm Engrs ]., vol. ii. p. 272-279 (1982). [6.24 SOLIMAN (M. Y.), Hricham (W. K.) ct Raghavan IK.). - Numerical simulation of thermal recover>- processes. Calif, region. Meeting of Soc. PelnUeum Engrs. SPE Paper n" 9942 (mars 1981).

[It.li] M.\rx (J. W.) et I.anoknhi.im (K. H.).

Keser\-oir heating b\- hot fluid injection. Trans. Soe. Pelrolrnm Engrs .il.\IE, vert. 216, p. 3I2-3I5 (1439). 6.261 ItiNDKK (C;. (;.. Jr.). Elzinga (E. W.). Tarhv (И. I..) et WiLLMAS (B. Т.). - Scaled-model tests of in-situ combustion in massive unconsolidated sands. Угог. .<Mwirt* HorU Petroleum Congr., Elsevier

[6.27]

[6.28]

[6.29: [6.30]

[6.31! [6.32:

[6-33]

;»>-34:

[«>.33J

•38; h.39: 16.40.

РиЫ. Су. Harliing. vol. 3. p. 477-4«5 (1967)-(;a«on (A. M.). Geisbrkcht (H. A.) et UiWRV (W. jr... Jr.). - Scaled mode, experiments of fireflcKiding in tar sands. J. Pehvleum ТескпЫ.. vol. 34, p. 2138-21A6 (1982).

Aronofkkv (I. S.) et Kamev (H. J.. Jr.). - Mobility ratio. IU influence on injection nr production histories in five-spot water flood. Trans. Soc. PetroUnm Engrs AIME, vol. 207, p. 203-210 (1936).

.Nelson (T. W.) et Mc Nikl (J. S.). - How to engineer an in-situ combustion project, (hi and Cat ]., vol. 39, n<> 23, p. 58-65 (5 juin 1961).

Eggkhschwilkr (M.) etFARCwg Ali (.S. M.}. - Two-dimensional, single phase simulation of a fireflood. Tie OU Sands of Canada-Veiiesuela /977. CIM Special

mcITl "I г 5г.ГЖ15т.,. Oil

by in-situ combustion. Petnlenm Engr, vd. 30. n» 7. p. B24-B42 OuU. 1958). uingi.ev (A. J.). - The combustion recoveiy process. /. raii4M<. Prmdenm Teeknol., vci. 4. n<> 4. p. 196-203 (act.-dfc. 1963).

Coi-NiHAN (T. M.). - .\ successful in-situ combustion pilot in the Midway-Sunset field. California. Calif, region. MeeHng of Soe. Petnlenm Engrs, SPE Paper n» 6525

cllnsb.) et Hamev (H. J.. Jr.). - A method for engineering in-situ combustion oil recover>- projecU. J. Pelrolenm ТескпЫ..

vol. 32, p. 285-292 (1980). Nelson (T. Vf.) et Mr NiaL (I. S.. Jr.). -Oil reco\-erv by thermal methods. Part x

Petroleum Engr, vol. 31, n" 3, p. B75-B100 (mars icjjij) [Kepris dans [19]. p. 26I. IARKisH (IJ. R.), Aaisch (H. W.). Beaver (K. W.) et Wood (H. W.). - llmler-gnmnd combustion in the Shannon Pool, \V\«>mlng. /. PetroUnm ТескпЫ., \-Ы. 14. р. 197-205 (1>(б2).

Клмку (И. I., Jr.). - In-situ combustion. Pror. Eigilk H-orld PetroUnm Congr., Applied Sci. Pn/U-. bfflclres. vol. 3, p. 253-262 (1971)-

hukgkk (J.). .\LUKA (G.). Carcoana (A.), Petcovici (V.), Sahuqubt (B.) et Delve (H.). - Recherches de base sur la combustion in situ et risultats rfcents sur champ. Proc. Sintk World PHroUum Congr., Elsefier РиЫ. Cv. Barking, vci. 3, p. 279-289 (1973)-

Carcoana (.\.), Turta (.\.), Burger (J.) et Bardon ((.). - Ralayage et ricupiration dun gisement dhuile tourde per combustion in situ. CWfof. iii<rnia(ioii. sur les Tecknianrs dexploraHon et dexploUalian des kvdrocarburrs, pdUions Teeknip, Paris, p. 117-134 («Ч731-

(ни (C.f. - Л study of fireflood field projects. J. Ре1гЫеит ТескпЫ., vol. 29. p. 111-120 (I977I.

liRiGHAM (W. E.), Sathah (A.) et Splihan (M. Y.). - Recnvenr condatkms for in situ combustkm field projects and appli-

1<.4.»1

;fi-44i

[6.4б, ft.47J

;-4tj

г6.4Ч1 [6.50]

[(5.

r6.55i Г6.56; Lb.57;

Ib-jiq

catHin to i-ninhustKm pilcitH. /VfX.rniH ТпкиЫ., vol. Si. p. 2132-21.0 (14и01. Stka.nck (1. К I. iKnitHin : key phase in combustitm m-tivery. Petratrum Кицг. vol. 3г*, n" 12, p. 103-100 fnov. lt)(>4) : id.. \лЛ. ".у. n" P (Ifc 11и141

TKepris ilans m . p 140 .

T.VUK.MA (H. J I rt \\К1)11ЬЯЛ iJ.!. -

StKintanrous iRnitiiin nf oil xanib. Oil and ctm J., vnl. M, n" 30, p. 77-Ho (14 clii-. •ЧТО).

lii-Kc-.KK (J.i. SionUneooH ignition in nil Tvaervnirs. Soc. Pttrnleum Hngrs J., vnl. 16, p. 73-ti (1476)

Mos« (J. Т.). Practical mrtes nn ignition of lire fltmcling. Priroleiim Engr, 37. n» 3. p. 72-77 (mai 1463).

Gadkllf. iC). l.KSSI (J.) etSARD.* (I. P.). - La gaztiiication ixmterraine iirofcmde du charbim en France. I.expfrience dr Bniav. en-Artois. Hn: Inst. Рмп(. du РЛгЫг. vol. 37. p. i37-i*> (igtil-

.Aldka (G.), Pktcovivi (V.), Ui-MiTKKscr (H.) et IALAUA (Т.). - .Ajdicarea experi-mentala a mettxlri de rxpkiatere >rin ccmibuMie MiMerana in Kei«blica Socia-liiiU Kimunia. Petrol li Соте. vol. ig, n« i, p. ifi-ЗЬ (146hi.

Marbkkrv (t. E.( et Rhatia (S. K.). -KoNterton Northwest. A tertiary combustion case historx. Improiied Oil Recovery Symp. of Soc. Petroleum Kugrs, SPE Paper n" 47(14 lavr. 1974).

Trantham iJ. C.) et SIarx (J. \V.). - Hellamv field trst:< - oil from tar by counter-flow underground burning. J. Petroleum ТескиЫ., vol. i8. p. 109-113 (i<*6).

Parrish (D. R.), Pollock (C. II.) et Craiu (F. F., Jr.). - Evaluation of COFC.AW as a tertiary recovery method. SkMS Field. Nebraska. J. Pelndeum ТескиЫ., \xi. 26, p. 676-600 (1974).

MoNTAUNKR (H.). - Limites actuelles de la compression. Pitnle el Teckuique, n° 2я3, p. 203-211 (oct. 1980).

Hardin (G.) et Joskph (C). - Hodcau in situ comhusti<in project. Pourtk auuu. Report, РиЫ, r.S. Department of Епегцу, DOE/ET/I2037-H (juil. 1981).

Gates (C. F.) et Holmks (II. G.). -Thermal well completions and operation. Seteulk World Petroleum Coufr., Elsevier РиЫ. Cy, Barking, vol. 3. p. 419-429 («967).

Joseph (C.) et PisiH (\V. H.). - Wet combustion in the Bcllevue fieid. PirsI iuleruation. Con/., The Future of heavy Crude and Tar Sands. Mc GrawHiU. New York. p. 344-330 (1981).

DiETZ (U. N.). - Wet underground combustion, sute of the art. J. PeMtmu ТескиЫ., vol. 22, p. 603-617 (197a) iRaprisdans 21!, p. 230;.

buLFORU (R.). - Ihxlcau in-situ combustion

Ш. Produced fluid analyses. Topical РиЫ. i;S IJepartmeut of Епегщ; :T/I2037-7 (juil. 19я1). HORNE (J. S.), BdUSAID (I. S.), UoRE (T. I..) et Shith (L. H.). - Initiation uf an in-situ combustiim project in a thin oil column underlain by water. J. Petroleum ТескиЫ., vol. 34. P- 495-503 (•982). Stinson (D. L.). CAaPENTiER (H. C.) et Cegielski (J. M., Jr.). - Power recovery from in-situ combustion exhaust gases. /. Petroleum ТескиЫ., vol. 28, p. 643-630 (•476).

.6.54.

ti.fin

[6.62-.

г6.63: [6.64

;6.ft3 ;6.Mi 16.67:

[6.68 Ъ.Ы)

16.70;

г6.7г [6.72:

[6.73!

i6.74;

Г6.7Я1 [6.76;

Kavk (S. е.), Tinc; (V. C.) et Fair (J. C). l>e\-elo]nnent nf a system tn utilize flue gas from enhancnl oi( recovery combustion projects. J. РпгЫеит ТескиЫ., vol. 34, p. 181-1h8 (1982).

Pk-tcuvki (W). (<msid<rati<mi> sur 1ея imssilMlites de contnile du Iront de combustion dans un processus de combustion in situ sur champ. Rev. lust. Pranf. du Pitnde, vol. 23, p. 1355-1374 (1970).

Cadk-llf. (C. p.), lli-RCER (J. (;.). Rardun (C. p.),. .Machedon (V.J, Carcoana et Petcovici (V.). - Heavy oil recoverv by in-situ combuatkm. Two field cases in Rumania. Ггам. Soe. PelroUum Eugrs .4IMK. vul. 271. J. PetroUum ТескиЫ.. p. 2037-2066 (1981).

Walsh (J. W., fr.(. Rahev (H. J., Jr.) et Briphah (W. е.). - Thermal iniectkm weU iaikiil testing. Areuu. FaU Meetiug of Soc. PetroUum Eugrs, SPE Paper п» 10227 (oct. 1981).

Wolcott (E. R.). -Method nf increasing the yieU of oil wells. (..4. PaUul n«

1 457 479 (5 juin «923). .Annual pnxluction report. Steam dominates

enhanced oil recoverv. Oil aud das J..

vol. 80, n« 14, p. 139-139 Л avr. 19821. Dafter (R.l. - Winning more oil.

Finauciid Times

Business lufon Londres (1981). Chu (C). - KUteif-the-art review nf fire-flfxxl Add projects. J. PetroUum ТескиЫ . vol. 34, p. 19-36 (1482). CuLEHAN (I). M.) et Walker (E. L). Battrum fireflood encourages Mobil. Cauad. Ре1гЫеит. vol. 8, n» 12. p. 14-24 (die. 1967). Cato (B. W.) et Frnka (\V. A.j. - Results of an in-situ combustkMi pilot project Producers moulklv, vol. 32, n« 4. p. 20-23 (juin 1468). Bleaklkv (W. в.). - Gettys Hellevue field still gtang and growing. Pelndeum Eugr, vol. 30. n° 12, p. 34-68 (nov. 1478). 1ЛКГ. (R. E.) et NCAR (M. F.I. - A study of C;etty iM Cos successful in situ combustion project m the Bcllevue fieU. SPEIDOE Symp. ou Eukauced Oil Recovery, SPEfDOE Paper n» 1070ц (avr. 1982).

Joseph (C.) et Plsch (W. H.). - A field comparison of wet and dry combustion. V. РОгЫеит ТескиЫ., vol. 32, p. 1323-1328 (1980).

Joseph (C.) et Pusch ( W. H.). - Engineering and ecoQiimics of the Bcllevue In-situ combustifin project. Second iuiematioH. Con/., The Future of heavy Crude and Tar Sands, .Ifc (haw Hitt, New York, p. 844-830 (1984).

Koch (R. L.). - Fiactk»l use of combustion drive at West Newport field. PetroUum Eugr. vol. 37, n" I, p. 72-81 (janv. 1965).

Gates (C. F.) et Ramev (H. J., Jr.). Fieid results of South Belridge thermal recovery experiment. Traai. Soe. PetroUum Eugrs AIME, vol. 213, p. 236-244 (19.38! [Kepris dans [20]. p. 13].

Gates (C. F.). JPNr. (K. П.) et Sirfack (R. A.l. - In-sitn combustkm in tbe Tulare formatkm. South Helridge field. Kern County. J. PetroUum Teekuol:, vol. 30. p. 798806 (1978).

IIekton (J. P.), HiFFHAN (G. A.), El Messidi (A. S.) et Rilev (K. M ).